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Geometric Brownian motion : ウィキペディア英語版
Geometric Brownian motion

A geometric Brownian motion (GBM) (also known as exponential Brownian motion) is a continuous-time stochastic process in which the logarithm of the randomly varying quantity follows a Brownian motion (also called a Wiener process) with drift. It is an important example of stochastic processes satisfying a stochastic differential equation (SDE); in particular, it is used in mathematical finance to model stock prices in the Black–Scholes model.
==Technical definition: the SDE==

A stochastic process ''S''''t'' is said to follow a GBM if it satisfies the following stochastic differential equation (SDE):
: dS_t = \mu S_t\,dt + \sigma S_t\,dW_t
where W_t is a Wiener process or Brownian motion, and \mu ('the percentage drift') and \sigma ('the percentage volatility') are constants.
The former is used to model deterministic trends, while the latter term is often used to model a set of unpredictable events occurring during this motion.

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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